O N in Short - Time Signal Analysis

نویسنده

  • Michael UNSER
چکیده

The problem of finding a recursive structure for the evaluation of features through a ~running' window is investigated. A general closed form expression is found for features satisfying a direct or indirect recursion condition. It is shown that most of the commonly used features (mean value, energy, autocorrelation function, DFT, Z-transform, entropy, etc.) satisfy these analytic expressions. The recursive, step by step, feature evaluation method is compared with the conventional method where features are evaluated for positions of the observation window with a 50% overlap. These two methods are equivalent in computation time for features satisfying the direct recursion condition. However, there might be some loss of information when using the last approach. The use of indirect recursion is advantageous for small window sizes. The results are then generalised to bidimensional signal processing. Zusammenfassung. Es wird untersucht, wie man Parameter eines gleitenden Fensters rekursiv schfitzen kann. Es wird ein allgemeiner Ausdruck fiir den Fall angegeben, das die Sch~itzfunktion einer direkten oder indirekten Rekursionsbedingung geniigt. Dfesen Rekursionsbedingungen genfigen z.B. Mittelwert, Energie, die Autokorrelationsfunktion, die diskrete Fouriertransformation, die z-Transformation, die Entropie u.a.m. Die rekursiv gesch~itzten Parameter werden mit den iiblichen Sch~itzwerten verglichen, wenn die Fenster je zu 50% iiberlappen. Geniigt ein Parameter der direkten Rekursionsbedingung, sind beide Berechnungsmethoden beziiglich Rechenzeit ~iquivalent. Allerdings kann bei der letztgenannten Methode unter Umst[inden ein Teil der Information verloren gehen. Die indirekte Rekursion hat besonders bei kleinen Fenstern Vorteile. Die Ergebnisse werden auf den zweidimensionalen Fall verallgemeinert. R~sume. Le probl6me de la d6finition d'une structure r6cursive pour l'6valuation de param6tres au travers d'une fen&re glissante, est 6tudi6. Une formulation analytique g6n6rale est propos6e pour des mesures satisfaisant des conditions de recursion directe et indirecte. I1 est ~ remarquer que la plupart des grandeurs couramment utilis6es (moyenne, energie, fonction d'autocorr61ation, TFD, transform6e en Z, entropie, etc.) satisfont ces conditions. La m6thode d'estimation r6cursive Ipas a pas ) est compar6e avec I'approche conventionnelle or) les grandeurs sont 6valu6es pour des positions de fen&re avec un recouvrement de moiti6. Ces deux approches sont ~quivalentes en temps calcul pour des mesures satisfaisant la condition de r6cursion directe. Cependant, il est montr6 qu'une perte d'information peut r6sulter de l'emploi de l'approche conventionnelle. L'utilisation de la r6cursion indirecte est particuli6rement avantageuse pour des fen~tres de taille r6duite. Les r6sultats sont ensuite g6n6ralis6s pour le traitement de signaux ~ deux indices.

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تاریخ انتشار 2003